An Upcoming Interview About "The Chosen" by Jay Hartlove

In keeping with our tradition at MSI to highlight Thelemic and Occult-themed artistic endeavors by the talented people that undertake such things, I am pleased to announce that I will be publishing a short interview with Jay Hartlove, author of the occult/Magick-themed book ""The Chosen."

The interview will be posted within the week.  MSI: It's Magick!

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Abramelin, The First Day

Why did I decide to jump right into this process before trying other, less intense or time consuming ritual Magick?  At first, I did so because many of the workings I read seemed to have the HGA invocation as part of the opening series of protections and to me, it seemed silly to invoke anything about which I had little to no knowledge.  Plus, I would later discover that there was a much greater reason why I chose to begin this work, at this stage of my life.  After all, ignorance and Magick just don't seem to be very good companions.  So, I made sure to choose and use the latest guide for the work--the Dehn version called "The Book of Abramelin."  It seemed to be the most appropriate for me, since there were historical context-setting explanations and there weren't too many things I would have to buy to make K&CHGA a reality.  I would discover that this process was actually a continuation of work I had already completed...I just needed to make sure I had all the necessary items to undertake the process as outlined in the Grimoire.

The following is combination of journal excerpts and clarifications to them:

Preparation:  I purchased everything I needed to make the "Oil of Abramelin" (per the Crowley recipe), incense, wand of pecan wood (purchased lathed and unfinished) and all other items.  Getting the scarlet colored silk was a challenge, but the white cotton for the robes was much easier.  The incense was easy to procure, although I added an additional ingredient* to it, for a more uplifting effect. The altar was smaller than usual, so I converted a night-table that had a drawer in which I put the items after closing, but with the addition of a covered box top, it had the appearance I sought  The room I used was perfect for the work--I specifically rented an apartment that had a room with its windows aligned properly--one in the east, one in the west.  Another thing that I was told to do, by a good friend that had already completed this process, was to pursue the work WITHOUT a preconceived name of my HGA; that would be revealed as the work entered the second phase.  I  would later discover that no preconceived notions should be had about anything, as few things happen as described in the book--some things are hidden purposely. 

The work:  Day one consists of a clearing of sorts and is unlike the other days.  Some simply omit this day's work, but in my opinion, that would have been totally contrary to the purpose of the work.  In my opinion, it offers the initiate an opportunity to make an accounting of himself to himself. I chose the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur to begin the working, for obvious reasons--not because I am a Jew or religious; it just felt right. Now to be quite honest, I wasn't in prayer from sun up until sundown, but I did make a full accounting to myself of all the things I felt I needed to.  It was all new.  The level of detail required to perform the Abramelin seemed above and beyond what one would normally do for other ritual workings.  I opened and closed as per the literature.

Impressions:  On day one, some things seemed silly and difficult to do with a straight face.  This was a phenomena that occurred only at the very beginning.  "Inflaming" myself "in prayer" was not easy to do either.  Dressing up in the appropriate attire and making sure the room was properly consecrated took a lot of time and it seemed unimportant.  Something else I found myself doing initially--clock watching; an hour of constant ritual is tough to pull-off at first.  I also found myself wondering why I decided to start a process that could last a year and a half.  It wouldn't be long before I discovered that the entire process works and unites one to himself--his higher-self, identifies his purpose and other things that I will discuss as this series progresses.  There were no epiphanies to talk about from day one, incidentally.

A few notes on the Tarot of Hrumachis

Excerpts from ALCYONE Volume I, Number 1, published by SSS

http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/diagab74

Traditionally the 15th Tarot card is called Temperance, but it has been renamed Dispersion in the Tarot of Hrumachis. It shows a lamen of a prime secret, that is, the Sacred Secret of Secretion, again the SSS.
Dispersion comes from the opposing force of the great ritual of Black Magik, which is the dissolution of one’s own personal identity into the whole, the dissolution of all into the collective.



Thelema demands that individuals offer up their individual will to the collective True Will of the cosmos, which is symbolized by the star goddess Nu. However, this is not an end, and if a Magician accepts the dissolution of his soul (a soul is a type of solar and synergenetically emergent individual cosmic identity), as the supreme end to their work, then they lose their Hadit, their human-ness, which then makes them an easily controllable slave- as it states, 'slaves shall serve (Liber 31)'. Once individuals have submitted their individual ego to a common and cultic mythological end, and then further accept and even embrace that the only true promise of the future is non existence and the dissolution of their soul into nothingness, then they will do and believe anything they are told to do or believe.
The reality is that the most essential component to Magik, which is embedded into every single Tarot card and Magikal formula, was wholly suppressed by Crowley in his Thelema. This is because when he was disseminating Thelema in the early 20th century he was eager to have disciples- and he wanted to be served.
Dissolution, the dissolution of all as it states in the Book of the Law, is in fact Hell, or Hades, which is simply non existence. The dissolution of one’s own personal identity is the only Hell. However, Crowley hid this. And instead he taught that the suppression of the ego was the gate into eternal bliss. And eternal bliss, to Crowley of course, was nonexistence.
This is emblematized and practiced on the Earth, in the planes of Malkuth, as collectivist governments. Collectivist, Communist, and Socialist paradigms all force individuals to adopt a philosophy and hold a world view which entirely squashes personal Liberty and individual Will. The slogan the sacrifice of the few for the good of the many is a Magik spell that transforms human beings into slaves; all this in order to smother the inner spark of human beings that generates their personal identity. Personal identity and personal ambition is poison to tyrants and Black Magicians.
The deep occult philosophy of the Dispersion card and the full spectrum of what it symbolizes is far too lengthy to offer here, more will be said of this card in some future volume.
The image for the Wrath card, which is traditionally called Judgment, is the Stele of Revealing. The Stele of Revealing is the tablet by which the Book of the Law was transmitted to Crowley in Cairo in 1904- it shows the scribe Ankh af na Khonsu receiving the law from Horus. This is to symbolize the judgment that is upon us. That is, the rewards of Ra Hoor Kuit in the New and emerging Age of Hrumachis.



The Wrath is the wrath of ignorance, and the denial of one’s SOUL- the rejection of one’s true consciousness and the immortality of one’s existence. It demonstrates that the Son, Horus, the harbinger of the portents of the previous Aeon of the Child, will still avenge those who kill their fathers, that is, their ego. Again, this is the Natural Magikal doctrine which Crowley feverishly tried to hide. It is now, by this small book, and inside the Temples of SSS, that this deception shall be corrected and illuminated for the entire public. From the time of the Cairo transmission over a century ago, not until now has another Magikal current attempted to face the power of the Beast 666 and expose his deceit. SSS has taken this battle- and this battle cry has been cried, and the old priests of Thelema have heard.
The secret here is that Hadit is not as commonly thought. This is the current message of Horus in this Age of Hrumachis- that Had is a place, the Secret Place in the City of On, and also a Secret Place inside of each of us. That the City of the Pyramids is the pyramidal cellular structures found in human neuronal cells, and in DNA.
Bhetut, is in fact, Hadit- which was the cult center for the worship of the hidden ON. ON is the central concept in the Magik of SSS.

-To initiates of SSS this has special significance associated with the South-Eastern point of the Septagram, Silence.

http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/diagab74

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Excerpt from ALCYONE VI n1

http://www.lulu.com/product/paperback/alcyone-volume-i-number-1/14930932

The Aeon of Horus was proclaimed by Aleister Crowley in 1904, in Cairo Egypt, with the transmission of the Book of the Law. The Book of the Law was dictated to Crowley from Aiwass, an extra-dimensional intelligence. The Book was communicated to Crowley over the course of three days. Since the time of the proclamation of this Law, the world has spun into Chaos. Now, more than a century after the initiation of the New Aeon, it has become clear that the Aeon that Crowley proclaimed is waning, and we are now upon the Dawn of the Rise of Heru Ma Khuit, the Double Wanded Serpent god.
This entity is known as Hermes, and Mercury, also Tahuti and Thoth as a lunar deity in Khem, and also as Enki, the King of Magicians.

Hru Ma means literally in Egyptian the Lion Faced- Hru meaning face, and Ma meaning Lion. The lions are the kings, thus the KINGU, the rebel that was mixed with mankind. This was the legend of Nimrod, and Gilgamesh transforming into a strong man- a GIBORUM. Hru Ma is the Lion-Faced Aryan god, seen on Mars as the anthropomorphic lion-faced man. The Lion is the Serpent, the permutations of the quadrennial points of the precession. This war has been embedded into the stone monuments of Giza.

Heru Paar Kraat was a warrior god, thereby a god of destruction and analysis. Heru Maa Kuit is a God of Magik and Awakening, thus creation and synthesis.

Crowley’s prophecies have come to pass. The world has been brought to global war numerous times, and has been on the brink of global destruction for almost a century with the nuclear age. As the system comes to a crash, those who will inherit the human race shall be those of the Law, the ‘Kings of the Earth.’ But they shall also know that this is a Lie against them.

Those who can not escape enslavement shall become fodder for the Kings, Strong men who roam the face of the Earth. It’s those who can’t emancipate themselves from the group mind, those who have no strength to die for their own Liberty that shall lose everything. This is the ‘Law of the Strong.’

A Magikal philosophy is being replaced by a Magik. The Magik of Horus was Victory, and the Magik of Hrumachis is Alchemy. The Law of Thelema is being replaced by the Laws of Magik. This is because the current of Thelema has been leavened too thinly, and has become worthless to the intense galactic power of the Aeon that humankind now faces.

Thelema was a Solar/Cosmic law, this is obsolete. We now understand the Law of Galactic Heliocentricity and are counting a cosmic/galactic clock as Magi. We recognize the solar/phallic tradition of the Old Age, that wonderful Magikal Age from which we have all been nurtured. However, the battle for which we have been preparing is coming swiftly, and Thelema is not enough to defeat our enemies, Thelemic Magik will not stand to face this Dragon. Understand that SSS is a system not to replace Thelema, but to be placed above it, as a transposition.

Do what thou wilt was a substrate upon which Chaos was brewed. Thus, now the next Magus must come to that Formula and place it into action. In order to break up the minds of the old slave age, it was first necessary to initiate a rebellion. Now that generations have past, the rebellion is waning and the rabble must again be awoken to serve a new Magik Law. A nobler Law of Humankind are the laws given by SSS, which shall put order to the Entropic Chasm of Magik which sprawls out before us in the chaos storm.

The Aeons of the Gods are not all fixed in time as the Prophets of previous Ages believed. We use the Equinoctial precession as a symbolic interface with these Great Ages. But in reality, and more Magikally, these zones through which we move are not fixed, but they interact with the human nervous system. And, the larger our concept of the Universe, the faster come the Dawns of the Ages.

In the Age of Osiris, a transition was made into the Magikal formula of the Dying and Resurrecting God, as with the Aeon of Horus there was a transition from the Dying God, to the Self God. Now with the Aeon of Hrumachis the Magikal formula is that of eternal consciousness- called Saon. So we transition from the Self God, to the Ungod. A-nu’k Sa’ON, I am a Son of ON.

It’s realized that after the purge, those who advance forward will understand this Law. A large portion of the population never accepted the formula of the Dying God, and these bloodlines are forever doomed. Those who learned of the Dying God, but have not accepted the Law of Thelema still have a chance to survive.

However, the Kings shall be those who accept the continuity of their own consciousness. The Gate of the Dying God has closed; the Gate of the Self God is closing, at which time the Monsters will be let loose. Those who will survive will move ahead with their own proclivities, and those who ignore their own SOUL will be doomed.

SSS teaches that the critical message of this Age is in the phrase ‘Double Wanded.’ This alludes to Hermes, and Mercury, who are more recent forms of Enki. This refers to the genetic hybridization project between the two master races of Earth. The Double Wand is the Genetic Helix, when it’s portrayed as two snakes, it’s a symbol of the genetic program.

SSS tells an occult history of when an alien race from the Draconian star system attacked an alien race in the Lyrian system, causing an intergalactic alliance to rise against the Draconians.

Eventually, being pursued and searching for a place to hide, the Draconians (i.e., the Anunaki, or Nephilim, etc.) found our solar system and stationed on Earth and Mars.

At that time there was another ancient civilization living on Mars, the Aryans. The Aryans were primitive and not nearly as advanced as the Draconians.

The Draconians decided to deceive the Aryans. Some of the Draconians stayed in our solar system while the rest continued to look for other places to hide.

The Aryans trusted the Draconians because the Draconians offered to share technology and healing powers. Then, the Draconians began to abduct some of the Aryans and took them to Earth. There they began to mix their own DNA with the Aryan DNA in order to make a slave race. The Draconians thought that since the Aryans were unable to travel to Earth, they would never know of the deception.

However, an unexpected cataclysm destroyed Mars, along with much of the Draconian and Aryan populations. The Draconians lost all of their technology. All that survived was what was on Earth, which was very little technology and very few Draconians. What especially did not survive were the cryogenic tanks that the Draconians use to travel great stellar distances. With the loss of the cryogenic technology and no way to replicate it, the Draconians were trapped on Earth with no way to leave. This also greatly decreased the lifespan of the Draconians. Further, they lost their potential for communication with the rest of their race.

Thus began the Great Work of mineral extraction from the Earth. This was an attempt to establish a civilization that might one day replicate the original lost technology of the Draconians, so the Draconian civilization could leave Earth.
The Draconian survivors protected themselves with fierce interbreeding, and they ritualized the return of their forefathers at some appointed time in the future. But of most critical importance was preparing for the coming war with the very ancient race that was initially pursuing them and from who they were hiding.

After the final catastrophe around 10,000 B.C., some of the Draconians, however, began to interbreed with the hybrid Homo Sapien race (…the serpent in the garden).
The Draconian descendents taught humans about writing and all the things credited to the gods. An initial objective was to boost the human/hybrid population and rid the earth of the Neanderthal races, who were not intellectually equipped to play a role in mineral extraction or manufacturing the necessary technology.

Eventually as the last of the original Draconians died away, the offspring of the interbreeding became powerful leaders, and were of a higher intellect than the rest of the Earth population. These were the ancient Atlantean kings, becoming the Egyptian Pharaohs and Priests after the submersion of the Atlantean Empire.

Ultimately, the Atlantean civilization emerged from the Draconian hybrid culture after the destruction of Mars, and before the floods at the end of the Pleistocene. The floods wiped out much of the Earth population. After the flood, however, the populations were increased in numbers and concentrated in the ‘fertile crescent.’ There, remnants of the ancient Draconian culture established Egypt’s Dynastic civilization.

Modern Homo Sapien is a hybrid race of Aryan and Draconian genetics, this is the meaning of the Double Wand, the mixing of the races.

This is the seminal difference between the Age of Thelema and the Age of Saon; that the Horian Age dealt in political affairs and the Sa’Onian Age deals with genetics.

However, it’s pointless to deny the political conspiracy. Someone concerned with their Spirit can’t deny the effects of the political manipulation. As for those in this Age who deny the Political Magik being done, there is no hope at this late hour. For those who do not appeal to the political murmuring, and attack it vehemently, shall now excel to the next level of the genetic fight, for it’s only when this frontier is taken can true Liberty be possible.

In this is the knowledge that Socialism in all its abhorrent forms and masks is slavery. It’s a terrible fight to resist the lure of the Socialist trap. It feeds on the weak. It has no place in Magik. Socialism was the Magikal spell of the old Aeon of Horus, and this Battle is still seething in the minds of some, but it’s a dead fight. The victors are in their banquets while the vanquished confusedly fight against their own shadows. However, this is an imaginary battle for the amusement of the children.

We as Magicians of this Age see the capital frontier to be a War of Attainment. Not the fight for ideas, that harkens to the Old Aeon.

We now fight in blood for the source of blood. The Master is embedded into us, as the code of our soul is embedded into the very core of our genetic helix.

These are for what we fight, for the namesake of Mankind, for the hybrid that we are, and that we will change as We Will! Not as Ye!

If the conspirators come as a thief, they shall have their hands and hearts cut from them. Their eyes shall be eaten by vultures, and their entrails spilt before them. This all shall be the beginning of torture for the zombie who seeks to snatch our Liberty. Yea! These shall all be the beginning of tortures.

The genetic aspiration and Law of Magik is ‘Be as ye Will!’ Magik is the Ultimate Science and there is no Religion but Mankind. In the Age of Asar, they Went as they Willed, and in the Age of Horus, they Did as they Wilt. Now we shall ‘Be’ as we Will. Let fury be upon who shields another from this Law.

Like a wandering Planet in search of its Star we shall be given great delusion from the watcher of the skies. In order to enliven our children and inspire our deepest regrets and fears we will be rooted from our comfortable conditions, and we shall be culled from our peace. All shall be made to profit upon our distress. Beware of this conspiracy and flight against the false Light in the Sun.

Again we shall move into the mouth of the Snake, into the eye of the Pyramid. And who shall know shall reap great nectar for his Ba, and great nourishment for the juice of his Ka and Khu. That which brings genetic power into Life is a cosmic dance being played before our eyes.

This is the proclamation of this Aeon, that only those who ‘Are as they Will’ shall understand what wanders before them. As the doctors of information shall put words in our heads with Magik, we shall gobble these words up and recite them as a prayer. Those who resist this Magik Spell shall inherit the Magik of Hrumachis and the Secret of the World.

Honesty and Candor: The Abramelin Working

For the first time, since creating this web page, I am going to speak directly to all of you, in a way I have never spoken to you before.  I am conflicted about publishing the first article that describes the initial phase of the Abramelin process, but am going to do so anyway. It was highly personal to endure and not all of it is going to motivate you to purchase the items you'll need, as fast as you can, just to get the working started.

Most people associate "love and light" with anything that has "Angel" in its title.  There are facets of the HGA that are far from "good" and that speaks to our human condition.  This revelatory process leads along a path of self-discovery and some of the discoveries are not pleasant.  Along the way, you will see yourself, in most cases, as you really are, for the first time.  Dedication to the process is absolutely essential and if you take a "half-assed" approach to this work, you really are better off doing something else.  This working, the Abramelin Working, is real, as is the HGA.  It will change you forever--you will know your optimum trajectory and master the forces that have, until now, mastered you. 

I will have it posted later this week and as always, encourage you to do as you will.  MSI:  Magick, Mirth and Mystery.

We're Back!

I encountered a serious issue that prevented me from posting here and, with help from Google, the problem is now  completely fixed.  Thanks so much for hanging around and for your continued support.  It's so good to be back and as always, you can expect the best, most relevant information from all of us here, at MSI: Universal Thelemic Gnosticism!

Hermetic reality - The principle of correspondence

As above so below.

Everything in the universe has the same point of origin, and as such it follows that the laws that govern any plane of existence or dimensional space at any given level are subject to the same laws.

In esoteric or spiritual literature you will often find mention of what are reffered to as "planes of energy" such as the astral plane, in truth there is no exact distinction or division between any of these "planes" other then the the rate of vibrational energy they contain, so basically the term "plane" is used to group together certain phenomena or aspects together in a way that we can better mentally visualize the structure of the universe.

These planes are usually described as being three major groups which are, the mental plan, the spiritual plane and the physical plane, within these major groups are several sub-groups which can be considered states or conditions, these include the plant mind, the animal mind, the human mind and the mineral mind, we then also have to include the existence of entities, beings and souls.

At each given level from the lowest to the highest plane it is the rate of vibrational energy that manifests the said plane.
Particles of energy make up each plane and include everything from solid matter, radioactive materials, electricity and so on. Sub-divisional forces such as gravity and attraction are essentually the same but distanced by the rate of vibration.

There are many suddivisions and varying levels within any plane, so if we take the human mind as example, we have the basic everyday layman or woman who live their lives without any spiritual thoughts, compare that with the master or adept, who with practice, has learned the techniques to raise the frequency of their thoughts to a higher spiritual levelwhere they can experience hightened states of conscious existence at will.

As the laws that govern each level of existence it follows that higher dimensional beings must raise their vibrational energy to a point where the can in turn communicate with yet higher dimensional beings, so an angel may communicate with a demi-god who in turn communicates with a god, for example.

With all this in mind we find that all the universal planes and their sub-divisions are connected at some subtle level by varying degrees of energy and the laws that govern that energy, even the lowest form of energy is only seperated from the highest by its rate of vibration.

In magickal terms this gives us a great advantage, in that we have the knowledge that "all things within the universal whole" are but a transcendence of thought or vibration from each other. To enter a higher state of conscious experience we need to raise the vibrational rate of our thoughts beyond those of our base reality.

When this higher state of consciousness is achieved we find that the universal laws will allow us to opperate in the exact same way as we do at our base reality level. On return to that base level things are never quite the same, we bring back the experience of the higher plane of energy, which gives us the ability to see or base reality through "higher dimensional eyes".It allows communication with and control of the fundamental base energy that surrounds us. as its energy now exists at a lower level then that of our experience it gives us a certain understanding and power over that energy.

An Essay on Modern Magik

Liber Librae Magikum
sub figura 74
Publication in class *** of S.•.S.•.S.•.

Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law.

Aleister Crowley defined Magik as: ‘The science and art to cause physical change in conformity with the Will.’ Although Magik has many forms, in its complete sense it’s the work of evaporating the discrimination between the internal and external forces of nature- Magnum Opus.
Magicians categorize their environment with elemental, planetary, and zodialogical concepts. However, the nature of these symbols is largely misunderstood- even by occultists.
The reason that people misunderstand or attribute confusing nomenclature and concepts to traditional occult symbols is because the nature of a Magik symbol can not be conveyed through language- it must be experienced to be understood.
Many times the act of transmitting the meanings of symbols from one person to another becomes dogmatic and the nature and power of the symbol and what it meant to the initiator is lost. In turn, people adopt zealous opinions about what the symbol means, and their arguments are held up on the worlds of their predecessors.
The purpose of Magik is not to conquer one another with dogmatic puzzles. It’s to transform our bodies and minds into something that it’s not. The purpose of Magik is to transform our material body into a body of light- LVX.
It’s precisely this reason that we must recruit the most modern of all the sciences to help in our effort. We must understand that it’s inside every cell in our body that we have the power of transformation. We can transform our genetic code in powerful metabolic ways. With a holistic understanding of the nature of our minds and bodies, and the electromagnetic current upon which our body feeds, we illuminate the interior of each of the cells in our bodies.
Technically speaking, the purpose of ritual in Magik is to create novel stimuli in which our brains will in turn generate new neuronal pathways and connections, which connections are the portal to the aetheric realms to which we return once the pathway and connection has been properly and habitually re-enforced.
Such pathways, as every other neural circuit, interact with the human body in powerful and subtle metabolic ways- interacting with many components of the individual’s genetics. Rituals can easily cause suppression or expression of particular desired or undesired genetic dispositions.
However, a critical aspect of understanding one’s genetic capabilities and shortfalls is knowledge of one’s history. For instance, knowing one’s family history includes diabetes can allow for preventative measure to help suppress that disposition. Similarly, with Magik, knowing one’s human history can offer a broader perspective of possibilities.

Human origins are a critical element to Occult practice, and especially modern Magik. It’s considered that in the history of human beings, the environment in which we live and have lived can transform our metabolic states and reconstitute the entire phenomenon of what we call consciousness and thought.
Really, not until the early industrial era in the mid 1800’s did human beings have the opportunity to express themselves individually. There has simply been no room in societies before collective imperialism to allow some sense of individuality beyond the state of the cult to shape an individual’s behavior. This has caused a catastrophic psychosis in collective civilizations. The remnant of this collective stratum upon which early and pre-modern humankind posited their existence, can be seen in some tribal societies that lack the individual in their rank order- or even a syntax for the individual in their language. The safety of lacking an individual consciousness is a powerful drive which humankind is once again on the verge of digression. The radical call for socialism and communism in current societies relates this primeval reluctance for self actualization and self responsibility. This is not the case for the Magician- and now we face this battle on the Earth for the Battle for our personal Liberty and Magickal heritage.
The emerging archetypes of the internet and mass communication and global society will become powerful mental constructs that may be used to suppress genetic predispositions for individualistic thinking and individual behavior. Such powerful urges inside our deep and unconditioned genetic base are given opportunity at specific points in the transit of the Solar System, this can be seen in the basic geothermic record of the rising and falling of temperatures, and in turn societies and migrations.
Until recently, psychologists believed that once the human brain cased development it immediately began mortification and no new neuronal generation occurred. This is now known to be inaccurate- in fact, adults continue to generate new neurons. This means that all through the course of human development the human brain is still seeking and has the capacity for new knowledge.
As magicians we must seek new knowledge- not recondite heaps of dogma. Therefore, now instead of balancing the traditional four elements associated with Magick, we seek to explore the Seven Regions of the Human Universe. Each of the Seven regions is a Dimensional Portal, the regions are the Metaphoric, Metaphysic, Metatonic, Metabolic, Metapsychic, Metacthonic, and Metatronic.
After the emergence of the H.G.A., the aspirant will have the Knowledge to compose their own rites. This is necessary because each individual has a particular genotype, and in order to interact with their genotype the rites must be designed specifically to do so. Of course, these particular rituals can only be gotten by the individual.
Once the effects of a Magikal interaction can be controlled- the aspirant is immediately pulled into the Abyss. After which’s exit, the aspirant becomes a Metatron. A Metatron is Supernal, and has activated and suppressed the proper aspects to their genetic code.

Love is the law, love under will.

Sincerely and Eternally-
PAX ET LUX!

Daniel L.M., Alexander Oz/SaON!

Liber Qaah Enoas

Liber Qaah Enoas
sub figura 93
Publication in class A of S.S.S.





S.A.O.N is the formula of resurrection, it is a cryptic term for the Son of On, which in Khemetic is pronounced Sa On. On is a representation of the Highest God and the Light that God wields. Thus a Son of On is literally the Son of the Light of God. This is a Magickal formulae- meaning that there is a deeper meaning than that ‘every man and every woman is a star.’ This statement is alluding to the potential of every man and every woman, not the inherent and manifesting state of each man and woman. This means that for each person to reach their full potential, that os star hood and the enlightening consciousness of the Light of God, that each person must fulfill their Magickal duty and claim for themselves this Light; otherwise it is extinguished at death. The formula of S.A.O.N. ritualizes the Magickal process of maintaining the activated Light- and through the rite the Magician comes to understand the subtle and tenacity of this very elusive Light.

The process of Birth, Life, Death, and Resurrection is this process. This is not referring to the four natural stages of birth, life, death, and resurrection- but instead the Magickal process. Summed up this means Initiation, Ritual, Rejection, and Emergence.

Ace of Diamonds

The outside letters N.O.A.S. equal 93, the number of Thelema. And N.O.A.S. is SAON (Hebrew) which is 180 because Aleph equals zero which formulates SON (Hebrew).

T is the winter solstice which is also the Devil, eye, pole star, the temple of Set which are all the Pillar of Asar, Djedi.

The Elders are (I.e.: supergalaxies or the spectrum) twenty four times 15◦. The Archons are the four forces times 60◦. The Shemhamphorash are star systems which are 72◦ times five. There are 30 ethers, roughly each having 12◦, in the daily, yearly, and processional cycle.

N.O.A.S. = I.N.R.I. which is L.V.X., which is N- the cross, O- the swastika, A- typhoon the trident, S- the rising star; thus the magic word N.O.A.S., ‘ye are become.’

AG NA MAD I SAH NA MAD = 400 which is the Tau (the word of the second ether). A.N.M.I.S.N.M. = 353 which is also Ds Gahk Iadnah (those who are the spirits of knowledge = 353). The magic word A.N.M.I.S.N.M. = 353 = 400. Also, the magic word A.N.M.I.S. = 213, 353 + 213 = 566 which is SUD… (Hebrew). 213 = IAIPOR (flaming) and SIAION (temple).

THE MAGIC WORD QAAH ‘NOAS = LVX = Tau = 353 = 400 is the septagram..

THE MAGIC WORD QAAH ‘NOAS is QUN (Hebrew) = 156 which is the septagram.

The second ether ARN also 156. QAAH ENOAS (Enochian) = 156.

S.S.S. MAGISTER REGIMINE

MAGISTER REGNUM of S.•. S.•. S.•.
by 777

The Rites of S.S.S.

Liber Crux Lucis sub figura 711
The three phases of the adept.

Liber Stella Solaris sub figura 360
The four aspects of the solar nature of the adept. This rite functions as do the Banishings of the old systems.

Liber Qaah Enoas sub figura 93
S.•. A.•.O .•.N.•. is the formula of resurrection for the New Aeon and is a cryptic term for the Son of On. The formula of S.A.O.N. ritualizes the Magickal process of maintaining the activated Light- and through the Rite the Magician comes to understand the subtlety and tenacity of this very elusive Light. The process of Birth, Life, Death, and Resurrection is this process. This is not referring to the four natural stages of birth, life, death, and resurrection- but instead the Magickal process. Summed up this means Initiation, Ritual, Rejection, and Emergence.

The Calls of Pan
The Calls of Pan are the aspect in S.•.S.•.S.•. in which Cosmic Light is harnessed in accord with the movement of the galaxy and stars. The Rite is performed at the Dawn f each new equinoctial sign. However, precessional signs are used, and thus a default sign can be used for overarching Rituals of the Cosmic Order.

Liber Missa Lucis (Bhetut) sub figura 72
The Mass of Light is the central public ritual of S.•.S.•.S.•. and it is also the central private ritual. Inside the Mass of Light are all other Rituals of S.•.S.•.S.•.. The Mass of Light should be performed every New Moon either by oneself, or with others.

Liber ChePh CheTh sub figura 418
The Chant of the Stele of revealing is the proclamation of the Ancient Khemetic intonation of Ankh Af Na Khonsu.

Liber Serpenta Septa Stella sub figura XXX
Aligns the adept with the Temple of set, which is the Northern Star. This alignment allows the adept to draw from the electromagnetic impulse of the earth and the Cosmic Djed Pillar.



Liber OM ABRAXA sub figura 666
Liber Om Abraxa tunes the electrical current of the Adept regarding the six points on the circuit : the left base of the central nervous system, the right base of the central nervous system, the heart Chakra, the Perceptual system, which reside in the base of the neck, or the limbic system, the neuronal cortex, or the mystical third eye, which is the frontal cortex, and finally the electrical impulse projected by the activity of the entire nervous system, which is the aura.

The Ritual of the Septagram

Liber S.•.S.•.S.•.
sub figura LLLCXV
Publication in class B of S.•.S.•.S.•.
by 77 et 777

‘The Light upon the earth Enters the Son to overcome the Darkness; the Mother Mourns in Heaven.’



After Crux Lucis † et Stella Solaris † move to the East, where the sign of LVX is made after intoning the name ON with a great exhalation, the tone of E Natural is visualized, along with the number 711, the Sun A.T.U., and the sign of Aquarius.

Then move to the North, where the sign of EARTH is made after whispering the name Nu, the tone of D Flat is visualized, along with the number ***, the Star A.T.U., and the sign of Scorpio.

Then move to the West, where the sign of the ENTERER is made after proclaiming the name SaON, the tone of B Flat is visualized, along with the number 93, the Lovers A.T.U., and the sign of Leo.

Then move to the South East, where the sign of HORUS is made after being silent about the name Ra Hoor, the tone of G Flat is visualized, along with the number ***, the Judgment A.T.U., and the sign of Ares.

Then move to the North East, where the sign of APEP is made after intoning the name IAO, the tone of D Natural is visualized, along with the number ***, the Devil A.T.U., and the sign of Sagittarius.

Then move to the North West, where the sign of ISA is made after speaking the name ChEP ChETh with a closed mouth and closed eyes, the tone of B Natural is visualized, along with the number ***, the Hermit A.T.U., and the sign of Virgo.

Then move to the South West, where the sign of SHU is made after sincerely naming the name AThOOR/Anubis, the tone of A Natural is visualized, along with the number *** the Moon A.T.U., and the sign of Cancer.

Then return to ON as One inside the Djed.

Back to the Blog-O-Sphere

I want to thank each and everyone of our readers for their patience, as the staff here at MSI: Universal Thelemic Gnosticism took time off to tend to matters in our personal lives.  I personally took time to read quite a few books, write a series of posts for future entry on this blog and kept our Facebook fans updated about the same.  We will also be expanding some of the side bar features to provide you with access to more reference materials and Internet resources.  Finally, I want to take this opportunity to restate my commitment to providing you with lucid, thoroughly researched and validated protocols within the Esoterically diverse system of Modern Scientific Illuminism.

MSI: It's Magick!

Thelemic and Occult-themed Art by Leanna

The fine arts have always played an important role in Western Mystery Traditions.  Recently, I came across an artist that fuses Magick, Thelema and other, more exotic themes in her work.. Her name is *--Leanna||Davidson--* (characters added by me to protect her from being "Google-ized"--a courtesy I extend to everyone).  The images containing adult-only themes are covered with a white page with a superimposed, grey "caution"-type sign.  Clicking on them reveals the pictures that lay beneath the cautionary signage.

Whenever I can, I try to share the music, writings and artistic endeavors of others that flow from their empathetic interpretations and impressions of the various areas of occult exploration.

Intro to the Abramelin: Knowldge and Conversation with one's Holy Guardian Angel

Much has been said and written about obtain "Knowledge and Conversation with one's Holy Guardian Angel," or "K&CHGA."  While I am not going to address whether or not this process puts one in touch with an actual entity or a facet of their "higher self," I plan to describe the process and other important facets of this all important working, considered to be the pinnacle of Magcikal attainment by many.  Subjugating one's Demons, both personal and not so personal is final portion of this elaborate and meticulous protocol.  "Energized Prayer,"  is a term that I feel best suits the main thrust of unification process, though it does not fully describe the entire working.  One must prepare themselves for many significant changes that occur within them during the six to eighteen month working.  Proper preparation can alleviate many possible snags one could encounter as the work progresses. It is this preparatory period with which I will continue this series of posts.  

Modern Scientific Illuminism.  It's Magick!

The Deeper Implications of Ritual Elements

There are many singular elements that are injected into any ritual that may be done, and while there are consistencies amongst the various magic(k)al schools, there are equally as many variations, so, I would like to address those that are most common, and those that I am familiar with in my own mutated system.

I would first introduce what it is I mean to discuss in regards to things such as cleansing, the use of tools, the generation of your sphere of influence, invocation, evocation, etc. It is not my purpose to tell you how to use these various ritual elements, nor is it my intention to tell you how to perform a ritual. Most of you would already be aware of these subjects, and I wouldn't want to bore you any further with my own dogma.

So what it is I do intend on sharing with you are the deeper dynamics that are going on behind the scene as we perform our rituals. I would discuss thought patterns and beliefs that lie deeply within us that most deeply affect both our needs and desires to do ritual for certain gain (materiel or spiritual) and the outcome of our rituals themselves. I would discuss the metaphysical implications of what it is you are, and are doing, as a magician, wizard, witch, mage, or shaman as you stand and perform your dance before the eyes of Source alone. I would discuss what it is that enriches our lives so profoundly, that which we call "ritual magic."

This will end up being a series, of course, so we will let this posting stand only as an introduction.

I would clarify that for me, it is not the method that is important here (though our methods do have import to each of us personally - I would not take that from you). While different methods, schools and approaches each tap a slightly different magical stream, they are all streams that feed , and are fed by, the major current we call Magic(k), and what I think of simply as being the whole of life itself.

Please don't be concerned whether you are G:.D:. , A:.A:. , OTO, Pagan, Wican, etc. when it seems I don't address something particularly important to your personal practice. Your joy is your joy and will always remain such. Just accept what it is that thrills you, inspires you, or fills even the tiniest space within you that has not yet been noticed.

"Modern Scientific Illuminism" has added another contributor...

G. Peter Madstone, author of "Dreams of the Magus: Where Angels Fear to Tread," is now contributing to "Modern Scientific Illuminism."

Welocme to "MSI," Pete!

Demystifying the Mystical: Ritual Bathing

In the previous series, we discussed the "Seven Day Fasting Protocol" and its effect on the homeostasis and cleanliness of the internal anatomy.  Today, we will discuss the process and importance of cleaning the external body prior to undertaking any major Magickal endeavor.  This process helps to align one on all levels.  It involves all the senses and prepares the subconscious well in advance of the actual ritual.  Aligning your self from the quantum to the Macro scale is imperative for Magickal manifestation.

You will need:

1. Bottle of Rosewater (available at any Mediterranean/Middle Eastern Food store).

2. Mint Leaves.

3. Essential Oils appropriate for the work – Oil of Abramelin is an excellent general choice.

4.  Himalayan Pink Salt or Dead Sea Bath Salts.

The Ritualistic Bathing Process:

Form and state your Telos, a statement of intent combined with the desired outcome.

Shower immediately prior to the bath, using a Castile Soap that contains essential oil of Tea Tree from Australia (Do not get it near your eyes—it stings the eyeballs as seriously as Chili Pepper).  Why Tea Tree Soap?  It is a Castile Soap (a natural liquid soap formula with Kabbalistic significance) that kills fungus, harmful bacteria and deters most allergens. Showering prior to the bath is essential, as you defeat the purpose of true cleanliness by soaking in your own daily dirt.  Shampoo?  Conditioner?  Well, I use two shampoos and no conditioner, alternating every other day between them.  They are Selsun Blue because it contains Selenium and prevents dandruff and Crew, because the lady that gave me my purple highlights said that I should, in a very provocative manner (tee-hee, excellent sales tactic). You can use whatever you want, as long as it smells clean and crisp, rinses clean and leaves no residue.

Prepare the bath to a lukewarm temperature.  Water temperatures too hot will zap you of your energy and relax you to the point of laziness.  Too cold a bath will stimulate you initially, but can initiate your body’s natural defenses from cold by changing blood flow patterns.  It is not difficult to fill a tub with water that feels “just right.”

Next, Take three (3) tablespoons of the Pink Himalayan Salt and dissolve it in the finished bath.  The salt is imbued with the energy of the Earth's Chakra located in the Himalayan mountains, enhances the electric fields of the body and balances the polarity of your being.  Pour eight (8) ounces of Rosewater to provide the floral essence to the experience.   Using a One Dram bottle of Abramelin Oil, slowly drip 6-8 drops into the tub while re-stating your Telos and blessing yourself with an affirmation of safety and success. Twist 3 or 4 mint leaves, so as to bring out their aroma and oils.  Place them into the tub one at a time while thinking about purity and cleanliness, especially if your operation will involve the invocation or evocation of Angelic/Otherworldly spiritual intelligences and energy.  Immerse and breathe deeply.  Live in the moment and enjoy this pleasant experience before undertaking your Magickal work, whatever it may be.  

The Future of "Modern Scientific Illuminism"

After I complete the series, "Demystifying The Mystical," which ultimately serves our readers with the mechanics of the Magickal preparatory operations, we will begin a new phase here, at "Modern Scientific Illuminism." The focus will shift to the theory and practice of modern Thelemic Magick and some specific derivations of these operations which, over the years, have improved upon one or more aspects of the same.  This means that in a very progressive manner, we will begin to cover the theory behind implementing Magickal Technology as part of a lifestyle that is advanced and self-directed.  Many of these operations assume things like "Ritual purification and Fasting," "Consecration," "Construction of Magickal Tools and Regalia" and the other necessary preliminary steps for success.  One of the major topics will be "Knowledge and Conversation with One's Holy Guardian Angel" and its importance to the Great Work.  "Building a Strong Astral Vehicle,""Evocation," "Invocation," "Sexual Alchemy,"  "Solomonic Magick" and "Enochian Magick" are more future offerings that we, in our own inimitable way, will delineate, dissect and disseminate to our readers.  Ultimately, our writers plan to offer you the best information we can, given the parameters of the medium, for your individual Magickal advancement.

Hermetic Reality (Part 2): The Principle of Mentalism

"We can only ever co-create in conjunction with the mental reality of the 'All'..."

Unless the magickal student fully understands the implications of the above statement, they will never be successful, let alone make progress along their chosen path. This principle is quite simple and yet many refuse to try to grasp and/or accept this concept.

"All is All." To understand this, the most important of the Hermetic principles, we must open ourselves to this striking realization. Every atom, at every dimensional level, including the Multiverse and the Astral plane, to the physical plane, our bodies, our breathable air and even the electrical signals by our thoughts are manefestations of one master thought, or mental signal. The "All" creates this very signal, which pulses throughout the fabric of our universe. Although we are a creation of the "All," which, incidently, also gives the gift of free will and as such, we find that we can assert our throughout the entire of the "All."

In magickal terms, it is helpful to use an abstract concept-type model. A simple way to understand this concept is to see the underlying reality as being similar to an elaborate computer program, and "manifest reality," as being the visual output on a monitor.

Using this as a working example, we find that magickal words and rituals work in the manner of viral access codes affecting the universal program and its operating system. Once the "All" grants us access to this program, we can alter the fundermental syntax of the pre-programmed reality towards our desired reality. The manifest output the re-routes it to its co created format, also called "desired outcome." Now, we are not going against the energetic flow of reality; to the contrary, we are in fact, working in conjunction with the manifest reality. We divert the creational path of the "All," but it is still in essence, it is still the creational force of the "All."

We are an integral part of the "All." This fact is inescapable, but when we accept ourselves as a "sub-routine," found somewhere within the source code of the Universal Mainframe, then the base language of Magick becomes our "viral answer" to co-creation.

A Very Brief History of Probability

by Alexander O.Z.

The importance of mathematics for measurement and predictability is not hard to understand. After all, science’s methods to deal with chance probabilistically legitimized it and teased it away from natural philosophy (Horton, 2005). Experiments gave science ways to isolate causal relationships and to explain its proofs through mathematics and statistics. This Golden Bough of science, however, deals with probabilities and forecasting likelihoods that Laplace says are relative (1795, p. 7) and Paracelsus’ says are simply opinions approved by the wise (Hacking, 1975, p. 41).

Statistics ultimately came to science through the Newtonian concept that observations should be done mathematically and are combinations of reality and error (Stigler, 1999). However, not until a century later with astronomers like Gauss (1777-1855) and Laplace (1749-1827) was probability separated from gaming and applied to scientific observation (Boring, 1961; Stigler, 1999). Other sciences followed. For instance, tradition says that psychology began using statistics with Fechner’s Psychophysics (1860) and that by Ebbinghaus’ memory experiments published in 1885 psychology was firmly fixed with statistics (Stigler, 1999).

However, long before Newton and as far back as at least ancient Greece the world played dice for oracles based upon some sort of probability tables from which they derived the future or the will of the gods (Stigler, 1999). For instance, Alexander visited the famed Oracle at Delphi devoted to the god Apollo before campaigning against Persia (Plutarch, 75). Even a popular Christian story is when the Roman centurions played lots for Jesus’ garment (Luke 23:34). The Latin writer Cicero (106bc-43bc) speaks about dice and that omens were linked with certain combinations, for instance the Venus-throw. His suggestion that the rarity of the combination caused people superstitiously to look for extra meaning could be analogous to modern p-values.

Nothing is so uncertain as a cast of dice and yet there is no one who plays often who does not sometimes make a Venus-throw and occasionally twice or thrice in succession. Then are we, like fools, to prefer to say that it happened by the direction of Venus rather than by chance (Cicero, 44, paragraph 59)?  However, after being separated from occultism and gambling probability has become a powerful mathematical tool. And although the history of secular probability is seen in traces in Archimedes’ proof of the Quadrature of a parabola (Pearson, 1978), it’s not until almost 2,000 years later with the beginnings of modern astronomy and the problems of calculating the movements of the planets that the real foundations for a theory of probability theory could be laid.

The Dark Ages lifted during the middle of the 16th century and mathematical ideas begun to percolate through Europe. The Crusades brought the West ideas from the East like the Hindu concepts of number and some of its numerical symbols. Michael Stifel’s Arithmetica Integra (1544), Christoff Rudolff’s Die Coss (1525), and Robert Records’ Grounde de Artes (1540) are some of the first western publications to use mathematical symbols like +, - , and = (David, 1998).  However, the beginning of probability is a bit obscure. Partly due to its connection to gambling and the characters associated with that, and partly because of political oppression. Also, like many discoveries the discoverer is not always the one who’s namesake the invention holds (i.e. see Stigler’s theory of eponymy, 1999). For instance, Laplace used the Fornier transformations before Fourier, and Lagrange had the Laplace transformations before Laplace (Stigler, 1999).

Although its actual beginnings are unknown, probability was probably transferred to the public through the mathematician Cardano (1501-1576). However, even the origin of his ideas cannot be traced (David, 1998). However, he was an acquaintance of Leonardo da Vinci, so probability-type ideas may have been known in the esoteric circles of Europe (Tabak, 2004).

Pythagoras, like Paracelsus, is esteemed for his legendary knowledge of many branches of natural science. He is said to have discovered the musical ratios of the pentatonic scale, he discovered the famous Pythagorean Theorem He was also involved with metaphysics and various forms of occultism. Condorcet (1743-1794) believed that Pythagoras began the mathematicization process of nature that Descartes furthered and that Newton ultimately perfected (Baker, 1975). In Baker’s Condorcet: From natural philosophy to mathematics (1975), Egret’s La Prerevolution is cited saying that the function of the European academies should be to galvanize Europe’s scientific research. In other words, academies were to liberate the commoners from beliefs not built upon rationality, such people relied upon the enlightened expertise of the learned societies to dictate what they must think (p. 48). This model of the Academy and its purpose as disseminator of knowledge is not an idea begun during the French Revolution and the post enlightenment; it was also a fundamental of Plato’s Republic. Thus, men like Bacon with his New Atlantis were heavily influenced by classical philosophers, and during this age in Europe, its academic minds wanted to able themselves to communicate and disperse their discoveries to initiate a new sort of Golden Age (Baker, 1975). A utopian lost-age that Plato symbolized as the lost Atlantis in his Timeaus and Bacon revived in his New Atlantis.

Part of ushering in this new scientific age and rational world order (i.e. of Leibniz) was the concept of a universal scientific language. Bacon expressed in his Novum Organum the idea of Table’s of Discovery to classify all natural phenomenons for quantitative measurability, so their underlying laws could be established. Such was Newton’s concept first laid out in his Principia, which put physics on solid scientific ground (Baker, 1975). It’s in following that tradition that Condorcet hoped to bring to the moral and political sciences the rationality that Newton brought to the physical sciences (Baker, 1975).

Condorcet’s desire to bring people a rational world-view and the controversy surrounding his death in prison in 1794 probably led Pearson (1978) to make the obscure statements that he was the enemy of the Jacobins and had been driven to death, as were all men of science and especially those of probability (p. 651).
Nevertheless, regarding probability what can be certain is that Cardano (1501-1576) published Opus novum de proportionibus where he put forth the binomial coefficients and a binomial theorem, and also Liber de ludo aleae published posthumously in 1663 and which is said to be first systematic conception of probabilities (Hacking, 1975; Stigler, 1999; Pearson, 1978). His error however, was that he conceived probability in a way that in three throws of the dice there was a fifty percent chance that any certain number would be had, instead of the correct forty-two percent (Tabak, 2004). Ultimately, Cardano was a superstitious man who apparently liked to gamble and could not shake the notion of luck. He believed that the will of the gambler had a play in the outcome even when casting a fair dice. In fact, De Moivre inserted an argument against Cardano’s invocation of will in his Doctrine of Chances (Tabak, 2004).

Galileo catalogued all the possible combinations of three dice in a fragment written between 1613 and 1623 titled Sopra le Scoperte dei Dadi (David, 1998), although it’s said he cared little for the subject (Tabak, 2004). The well-known scientist Pascal (1623-1662) wrote a work on the same subject Traite du triangle arithmetique in 1654 that was published posthumously in 1665. Pascal’s book on probability was the field’s first full-fledged encounter with the binomial distribution (Stigler, 1999).

Tabak (2004) says that probability began with a dialogue through letters between Fermat (1601-1665) and Pascal (1623-1662) in which they were discussing possible solutions to a popular gambling puzzle. Although they did not sort out a full theory of probability, nor speak of it as such, they did bring the concepts further than Galileo and Cardano. What’s important is they found that although they could not predict an individual cast of the dice, they could predict the relative frequency that certain casts would occur over many throws.
However, one of the first works devoted exclusively to probability was a small fifteen-page booklet by Dutch mathematician Christian Huygens (1629-1695) published in 1657 in Leiden De Raciocinniis in Aleae Ludo (Laplace, 1795). De Raciocinniis became a principle treatise on the theory of probability for fifty years. Huygen’s influence did not vanish after his death; Jacob Bernoulli (1654-1705) admits to have absorbed Hyugens’ work into his own Ars Conjectandi (1713). Ars Conjectandi was incomplete at James’ death, and was published posthumously by his nephew Nicholas Bernoulli (Laplace, 1795; Pearson, 1978). In this work, Bernoulli put forth his theory of large numbers and of independent events (Stigler, 1999; Tabak, 2004).

It is however, Pitcairne’s 1693 dissertation as Stigler (1999) suggests that shows the first explicit use of probability (p. 216). In this example, Pitcairne argued that strainers and sieves could not account for bodily secretion as previously thought. He laid out this theory using Huygen’s probability, and grains and sieves to demonstrate the argument that such a mechanism would be ineffective. Pitcairne then attempted to apply the sieve mechanism to bodily secretion using a more complicated concept of sieve, only still to find the mechanism to fall short. He realized that he could not provide a solution for this phenomenon. He said in this same lecture that the nature of all bodies is the same (Stigler, 1999, p. 217). Ultimately, he argued against the known mechanism of secretion using a probabilistic argument.

However, just as now, not everyone wanted to derive knowledge of humankind through mathematics. Edward Eizat’s Apollo Mathematicus argued very much against extracting knowledge of man mathematically, and called Pitcairne’s approach gibberish. He claimed that sieves based on mass and shape do not account for the diversity in nature. Eizat believed that math would turn the world upside-down and overturn the ancient landmarks that our fathers have set (Stigler, 1999, p. 230). He believed that medicine should not be overtaken by Pitcairne’s speculative science of mathematics, because medicine was rational and empirical (Stigler, 1999). The confrontation between these two men laid the groundwork for modern medical science, and launched the still relevant criticism of experimental science, which is validity (Stigler, 1999).

From the 17th and 18th centuries, a symbiosis began between mathematics and the other sciences. Although there were a number of important mathematical contributions in the 18th century, Stigler (1986) says that the single most important contribution of the 18th century to statistics was Least Squares. Three scientific problems are related to the story of Least Squares during the 18th century. These three scientific problems are the shape of the earth, the motion of the Moon, and the perturbations of Jupiter and Saturn. However, one of these problems was of greater importance at that time due to its commercial and naval use- the motion of the moon. The mastery of the motion of the moon held incredible importance to sea navigation because it meant navigational freedom. In 1714, England offered a monetary reward to the discoverer of the highly prized longitude at sea (Stigler, 1986).

Mathematician Tobias Mayer (1723-1762), who collected data of lunar observations between April 1748 and March 1749, was first to understand the importance of realizing the true error through averaging out multiple observations. Although Stigler (1986) says he was a bit optimistic about his formulas- claiming proof of an inverse relationship between the amount of observations and the determinant results.
However, once moved from games to observations, then from observations to the error in the observations (i.e. Simpson), probability really started to become useful. In other words, once from astronomical observations the random distribution of errors of these observations could be gathered, the concept of inverse probability could be brought out (Stigler, 1986). An important step regarding the evolution of statistics was the inverse probability of Bernoulli and De Moivre (David, 1998).

During his lifetime, De Moivre (1667-1754) became close friends with Newton (Pearson, 1978). Pearson (1978) offers an image of De Moivre sitting in a coffee house at a dirty table accompanied by a degenerate gambler with Newton tunneling through the cafe to Moivre’s table for a discussion. De Moivre’s first paper was presented to the Royal Society in 1695 and was an expounding of Newton’s theory of fluxions, which became modern differential calculus (Pearson, 1978). De Moivre published his Doctrine of Chances in 1756 in which’s introduction Huygens was offered inspirational credit (Tabak, 2004). Although there is more insight than actual mathematical theory and formula in his treatise, he does supply the concept of the bell-curve. De Moivre uses this bell curve concept a bit different than it is used today- not conceptualizing the continuous distribution that it’s modeled around today (Pearson, 1978; Tabak, 2004). Also, DeMoivre is said by Pearson (1978) to have developed the concept of standard deviation, which De Moivre called the measure of dispersion.

In addition, another important statistical concept was determined in the 18th century by Thomas Simpson (1710-1761), the density function, and in 1757 he published a letter considered the first publication of a continuous error distribution (Stigler, 1986). Pearson (1978) suggests that Simpson’s The nature and laws of chance (1740) is little more than a summary of the second edition of De Moivre’s Doctrine of chances (1738), even that Simpson uses some of De Moivre’s examples without citing them. A rampant issue apparently with Simpson, as Pearson (1978) attacks Simpson again for having stolen De Moivre’s results and published them in his own 1742 treatise on annuities.

Stigler (1986) suggests that another main statistical product of the 18th century was the inversion of the probability analyses of Jacob Bernoulli and De Moivre. Stigler (1986) says that it was Simpson’ and Bayes who teased the concepts away from games and dice, and focused astronomical observations and the errors of observations, which in turn inspired Bernoulli. Bayes’ An essay toward solving a problem in the doctrine of chance was read by Richard Price to the Royal Society in 1763. There’s an anecdotal note that Bayes’ may have been working on a mathematical model to trace to the First Cause. However, partly due to lack of appeal among their contemporaries, and Bayes’ lack of publishing, it was not until Laplace that this concept was brought into a broader use and application (Stigler, 1986).

Laplace (1749–1827) was a French astronomer and mathematician probably most known for his treatise Mécanique Céleste (1802). However, he is widely credited with formulating the theories that later became associated with Bayes’. Pearson (1978) says that Laplace drew heavily from De Moivre, Bayes, and Lagrange, and does not give these three men enough acknowledgements. Laplace also speculated on the origin of the solar system and the existence of black holes. He wrote two papers that would gain him a reputation as a mathematician before he was elected into the Académie in 1773 (Stigler 1986). He in 1795 gave lectures at the Ecole Normale under the heading Theory of analytic probability, but didn’t publish them until 1812 (Pearson, 1978). Pearson suggests that probably Laplace was not involved in mathematics during this time because of the political climate, the same politics that may have stifled Condorcet and may have led to his death. People, Pearson (1978) suggests, were more concerned with their astrological reading than the math behind astronomy. It was much safer to deal with the zodiac than with probabilities. For the same reasons, Laplace probably made no mention of Condorcet in his treatise of 1795 (Pearson, 1978).

However, regarding statistics, Laplace suggests that data collection and data treatment lead to varying interpretations of data. Thus, individual inclinations and history become relevant (Laplace, 1795; Pearson, 1978). Laplace (1795) also said that numerous comparisons were the only way to get to the truth, and that probability was done through a categorization process based upon sameness. He glorified Francis Bacon in his Essay (1795) for embracing the experimental method. Laplace is known to have said to Napoleon when asked of God that he had no need of that hypothesis.

By far, the most famous family in a history of math and statistics is the Bernoulli family. Many generations of Bernoulli’s enter into the history of science and mathematics (Tabak, 2004). Another prominent mathematician from the famous Bernoulli line was James’ (i.e. Jacob) brother Daniel (1700-1782). Daniel Bernoulli brought the statistics of the 18th century a bit further with his theory that the arithmetical mean of a set of observations cannot be accurate because it does not weight the each data point, and they should be weighted because they are not all equally valid observations. Bernoulli saw that astronomers remedy this by eliminating the extreme observations before calculating the mean. Bernoulli suggested that errors would be accumulated equally above and below the true point, and errors closer to the true point would be more likely while those further would be less likely. This he surmised would generate a distribution of error likened to a semicircle. His claim was that by this method a truer mean could be gathered than by simply averaging out all the original scores (Stigler, 1999). Bernoulli sent his paper to St. Petersburg for publication in 1778. Euler inserted a commentary before the paper was published. Sigler (1999) suggests that this may have made Bernoulli quite happy, as Euler was perhaps the most prolific mathematician of all time (p. 305).

Legendre (1752-1833) was a mathematician who wrote on various subjects including geometry, gravitational theory, and was among those who measured the meridian arc in 1795. However, in 1805 Legendre published a work that introduced the concept of summing the squared error terms (Stigler, 1986). Legendre suggested that by doing this a balance was generated to stop the bias of the extremes (Stigler, 1986). But, also others have laid claim to this technique: Adrain published it in late 1808 or early 1809, and Gauss in 1809. However, and whoever had it first, Legendre published it first. Nevertheless that did not stop Gauss from claiming to have used the method since 1795 (Stigler, 1999).

Most notable in statistics in the 19th century is probably Francis Galton’s (1822-1911) invention of regression in 1869 while researching human heredity. Stigler (1986) says that though the mathematical foundation (i.e. Least Squares) was in place in the earlier part of the 18th century Galton had to develop the concept of bivariate-distributions which allowed for coefficients to ultimately support his theories for heredity. Galton did experiments with sweet-pea seeds around 1875, in which he observed that the average size of the offspring of larger seeds was less than that of their parents, and the average size of the offspring of smaller seeds was greater than that of their parents. Galton conceived that the mechanism was that offspring tended to revert towards the mean. Reversion was later changed to regression leading to the term regression towards the mean (Cohen, 2001).

The International Health Exhibition in 1884-85 celebrated Galton’s new concept, and Galton established a laboratory devoted to measuring human statistics (i.e. biometrics). He collected data like height, weight, and strength from a large sample of 9,337 people (Boring, 1950). After the exhibition, the laboratory continued and became the Biometric Laboratory at University College in London chaired by Galton’s disciple Karl Pearson who had access to Galton’s heredity data (Boring, 1950; Wachmuth, Wilkinson, & Dallal, 2003).

Pearson had hoped to make Galton a British Wundt but the English-speaking psychologists he was attempting to influence had chosen German instead of British lineage. And, except for the correlation, much to Pearson’s disappointment Galton’s research was generally ignored (Boring, 1950). Boring (1950) says that whereas Wundt wanted to evolve psychology Galton wanted to evolve humankind. However, Boring (1950) also suggests that Galton’s work may have been fully assimilated (p. 482) by modern psychology and that he is not recognized as a psychologist because he was preoccupied with his uncle Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and didn’t generate much at that time that seemed directly related to psychology. What psychology he was involved with was called individual psychology, and in this research he extensively documented large samples of human traits (i.e. differences) (Boring, 1950). Galton published his research in 1883 called Inquires into human faculty and development. In this publication Galton argued that his research demonstrated that no differences existed between the world’s various religious populations, and that in fact the only scientifically demonstrable differences between any two human groups were between men and women, where men were inferior in almost every way (Boring, 1950).

Boring (1950) says that Galton hoped to displace religious dogmas with his new scientific Creed (p. 482) by which men would seek through evolutionary means to become Supermen (i.e. Nietzsche’s Zarathustra). Boring (1950) says that Galton believed that psychology was not measuring human differences that were the product of humankind’s conquer-ship of his natural plight, but were a set of defects and limitations and were ancestors of better generations (p. 483). Galton’s view of hereditary defects took the connotation of religions sin (p. 483). From this doctrine came the eugenics programs of the 20th century (Boring, 1950). In 1889, Galton published Natural inheritance that summarized his work on correlation and regression.

Galton devised the mental test to measure and document human differences (Boring, 1950) which was the forerunner of Binet’s mental tests and Stern’s introduction of the mental quotient (1911). Which became the I.Q. with the Standard Revision of the Binet Scale through Terman in 1916 (Boring, 1950). I.Q. testing and mental testing became different concepts as testing methods developed, and during WWI the United States Army implemented mental and intelligence testing to select soldiers and determine their duties (Boring, 1950).
Although Galton and Pearson are inextricably bound with the concept of correlation, in Pearson’s own 1920 memoir Notes on the History of Correlation he sates that Auguste Bravais (1811-1863) is the Father of Correlation. Pearson later said there was nothing in the work of Bravais that could not be found in Gaus (Piovani, 2008). However, Pearson published his paper in 1896 which typified the correlational methods used today (Cohen, 2001).

In 1904 Spearman developed the rank order correlation when studying human intelligence (Piovani, 2008). Pearson viciously rejected Spearman’s idea of rank order correlations on the basis that measurable things were true and continuous and therefore could not be ranked (Piovani, 2008). Pearson is also credited for inventing the Chi squared test for goodness of fit, and the concept of degrees of freedom (Stigler, 1999).

One of the early 20th century statistical inventions was William Gosset’s t-distribution published as the Student's distribution in 1908. At the time of his discovery, Gosset was an employee of Guinness Brewery who would not let their quality control secret out to the public. To get around his employer’s admonition Gosset published the t-distribution under the pseudonym Student that led to the common name Student's t-distribution (Cohen, 2001). The t-distribution is used for inference when the actual population standard deviation is not known and must be estimated. The t-distribution is used to test sample means and the likely-hood that they are from the same populations (Cohen, 2001).

The earliest statisticians like those at Delphi casted dice in fumy caves to predict the future or the meaning of certain events. They believed that improbable numerical combinations were communications from the gods. Similar oracles prevailed in the east, like the Chinese I-Ching that uses three coins. It could be said that to these cultures the gods resided in the random chance. Hope could be put into the random chance (i.e. Cardano) the same way hope could be put into a god.

Today science has methods to rid or lessen the experimental noise of its measurements, but still science explains much of their world based upon probabilities and odds. Although we have gotten very clever at disguising this, we still do this thing or that thing based upon probabilities. It’s just inescapable.
What’s important however is that by this powerful mathematic we can alleviate some of the chaos and the illusion of some static order can be gotten for the sake of measurement. Unfortunately, one never knows if chance is being eliminated when it shouldn’t be, or isn’t included when it should be. Nevertheless, statistics are the best we have to measure the world objectively, but the inferences drawn from statistics should be used with caution.